{"id":375,"date":"2022-02-01T09:54:12","date_gmt":"2022-02-01T09:54:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/?p=375"},"modified":"2026-03-23T05:35:28","modified_gmt":"2026-03-23T05:35:28","slug":"3d-texture-mapping","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/3d-modeling\/3d-texture-mapping\/","title":{"rendered":"3D Texture Maps Fundamentals"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"introduction\">Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The texture map is a final piece of a puzzle you just can\u2019t do without when creating a model.&nbsp; Same as none of the 3D visualization or <a href=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/3d-modeling-services\/\">D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3D<\/a> s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, hoa v\u0103n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 t\u00f3c, da, v.v. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 mesh v\u00e0 UV map ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u cho n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng b\u00f3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3D c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3D v\u00e0 c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-is-texture-mapping\">B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh 2D l\u00ean surface c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng 3D, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/uv-unwrapping-software\/\">UV mapping<\/a>, v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t: <strong>\u00e1nh x\u1ea1 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 g\u00f3i m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh <\/strong>xung quanh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 c\u00e1c pixel c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u1edbi 3D surface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng polygon v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh s\u00e9t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh 3D ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/what-is-texture-mapping.jpg\" alt=\"\u00e1nh x\u1ea1 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u l\u00e0 g\u00ec\" class=\"wp-image-657\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/what-is-texture-mapping.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/what-is-texture-mapping-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/what-is-texture-mapping-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/what-is-texture-mapping-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/what-is-texture-mapping-12x12.jpg 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pbr-vs-non-pbr-modeling\">M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh PBR so v\u1edbi Kh\u00f4ng PBR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh mesh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00ec b\u1ea1n lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i ghi nh\u1edb n\u00f3. <strong>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec <\/strong><strong>b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u<\/strong><strong> b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam chi ti\u1ebft<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u PBR ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng PBR. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>PBR<\/strong> l\u00e0 t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u1eadt l\u00fd <strong>s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c<\/strong>. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3D t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PBR l\u00e0 Unity, Unreal Engine 4, Painter, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.substance3d.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Ch\u1ea5t<\/a>v\u00e0 Blender v2.8 s\u1eafp ra m\u1eaft.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"PBR \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong 3 ph\u00fat - K\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u1eadt l\u00fd\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_ZbkOZNgwNk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption><meta charset=\"utf-8\">PBR \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong 3 ph\u00fat - K\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kh\u00f4ng PBR<\/strong>, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, <strong>c\u0169ng cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u1ea3nh ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u<\/strong>. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.autodesk.com\/products\/maya\/free-trial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Maya<\/a>, 3ds Max v\u00e0 Modo l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i PBR.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3D c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n b\u1ea1n n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u PBR. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i PBR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"tip\"><strong>M\u1eb9o chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong> D\u00f9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i UV m\u1edf g\u00f3i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n theo c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pbr-texture-maps\">B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u PBR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/different-texture-maps-guide.jpg\" alt=\"h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c nhau\" class=\"wp-image-655\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/different-texture-maps-guide.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/different-texture-maps-guide-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/different-texture-maps-guide-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/different-texture-maps-guide-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/different-texture-maps-guide-12x12.jpg 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, v\u00ec PBR ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ch\u00fang.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh 2D b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3D c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. B\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ebf cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ed7i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-albedo\">1. Albedo<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u Albedo l\u00e0<strong> m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00ec ch\u00fang x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u00f3i<\/strong>. V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t m\u00e0u duy nh\u1ea5t.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"note\"><strong>Ghi ch\u00fa:<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3D c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng. Tia ch\u1edbp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ngu\u1ed3n. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"854\" height=\"385\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/albedo-diffuse-basic-color-map.jpg\" alt=\"b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e0u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n albedo\" class=\"wp-image-660\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/albedo-diffuse-basic-color-map.jpg 854w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/albedo-diffuse-basic-color-map-300x135.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/albedo-diffuse-basic-color-map-768x346.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/albedo-diffuse-basic-color-map-18x8.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 854px) 100vw, 854px\" \/><figcaption>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 albedo<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 che \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-ambient-occlusion\">2. Kh\u1edbp m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3:<\/strong> X\u00e1m \u4e00 \u0111en bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng - c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Albedo nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u00ean cho n\u00f3, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 AO. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u AO th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 PBR k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi albedo \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"459\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ao-map-mapping.jpg\" alt=\"\u00e1nh x\u1ea1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ao\" class=\"wp-image-661\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ao-map-mapping.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ao-map-mapping-300x138.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ao-map-mapping-768x353.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ao-map-mapping-18x8.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 AO<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3 l\u00e0 <strong>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c b\u00f3ng do m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra<\/strong>. V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u00e0u \u0111en \u0111\u1eb7c m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u00edt \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"854\" height=\"390\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ambient-occlusion-map.jpg\" alt=\"b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh\" class=\"wp-image-663\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ambient-occlusion-map.jpg 854w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ambient-occlusion-map-300x137.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ambient-occlusion-map-768x351.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ambient-occlusion-map-18x8.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 854px) 100vw, 854px\" \/><figcaption><meta charset=\"utf-8\">B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-normal\">3. B\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3: <\/strong>C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb RGB \u4e00 xanh l\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 xanh lam t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c X, Y v\u00e0 Z.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb RGB (xanh l\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 xanh lam) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t v\u00e0 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n cho <a href=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/polygon-mesh\/\">l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111a gi\u00e1c<\/a>. R, G v\u00e0 B ch\u1ec9 ra tr\u1ee5c X, Y v\u00e0 Z c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf mesh theo ba h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"455\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/normals-map-object.jpg\" alt=\"\u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 chu\u1ea9n\" class=\"wp-image-664\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/normals-map-object.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/normals-map-object-300x137.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/normals-map-object-768x349.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/normals-map-object-18x8.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. <strong>H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o v\u1ebft l\u00f5m ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft l\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"note\"><strong>Ghi ch\u00fa:<\/strong> V\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u1ea9n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"454\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/normal-map.jpg\" alt=\"k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng\" class=\"wp-image-665\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/normal-map.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/normal-map-300x136.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/normal-map-768x349.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/normal-map-18x8.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft l\u1ed3i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y qua m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m quan s\u00e1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p gi\u1eef s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng polygon \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p trong khi l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-roughness\">4. \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3: <\/strong>M\u00e0u x\u00e1m \u4e00 \u0111en th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m t\u1ed1i \u0111a, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u4e00 m\u1ecbn surface.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. Cho n\u00ean, <strong>n\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu ra kh\u1ecfi n\u00f3<\/strong>. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n qua g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 cao su theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"451\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/roughness-map.jpg\" alt=\"k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m\" class=\"wp-image-666\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/roughness-map.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/roughness-map-300x135.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/roughness-map-768x346.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/roughness-map-18x8.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh n\u00f3 trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n theo c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Tia ch\u1edbp v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 s\u1ebd s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n xung quanh h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu s\u1ebd m\u1edd h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"452\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/roughness-map-example.jpg\" alt=\"v\u00ed d\u1ee5 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m\" class=\"wp-image-667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/roughness-map-example.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/roughness-map-example-300x136.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/roughness-map-example-768x347.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/roughness-map-example-18x8.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5-metalness\">5. T\u00ednh kim lo\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3: <\/strong>X\u00e1m \u4e00 \u0111en bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb phi kim lo\u1ea1i, tr\u1eafng \u4e00 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 d\u1ec5 \u0111o\u00e1n. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u00e0y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i hay kh\u00f4ng. Kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t cho v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. N\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 albedo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 thang \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e1m, ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111en v\u00e0 tr\u1eafng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"464\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/metallic-map-1024x464.jpg\" alt=\"b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 kim lo\u1ea1i\" class=\"wp-image-668\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/metallic-map-1024x464.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/metallic-map-300x136.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/metallic-map-768x348.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/metallic-map-18x8.jpg 18w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/metallic-map.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 kim lo\u1ea1i&nbsp;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, m\u00e0u \u0111en th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 albedo l\u00e0m <a href=\"https:\/\/www.creativebloq.com\/how-to\/get-started-with-diffuse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">m\u00e0u khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n<\/a> v\u00e0 tr\u1eafng \u4e00 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e0u \u0111en l\u00e0m m\u00e0u khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0u khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"468\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/metalness-map-1024x468.jpg\" alt=\"b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 kim lo\u1ea1i\" class=\"wp-image-669\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/metalness-map-1024x468.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/metalness-map-300x137.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/metalness-map-768x351.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/metalness-map-18x8.jpg 18w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/metalness-map.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 kim lo\u1ea1i&nbsp;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u00ecn chung, b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 kim lo\u1ea1i mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 albedo \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6-height\">6. Chi\u1ec1u cao<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3: <\/strong>M\u00e0u x\u00e1m \u4e00 \u0111en \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u00e1y c\u1ee7a mesh, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng - \u0111\u1ec9nh.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao. <strong>Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 nhau \u1edf m\u1ecdi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c nhau<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"854\" height=\"385\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/height-map-scale.jpg\" alt=\"t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao\" class=\"wp-image-670\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/height-map-scale.jpg 854w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/height-map-scale-300x135.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/height-map-scale-768x346.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/height-map-scale-18x8.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 854px) 100vw, 854px\" \/><figcaption>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. Thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ebft l\u00f5m v\u00e0 v\u1ebft l\u1ed3i, h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o mesh d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"tip\"><strong>M\u1eb9o chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong> n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u00ean web, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00fang khi xu\u1ea5t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3D.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"453\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/height-map-object.jpg\" alt=\"\u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao\" class=\"wp-image-671\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/height-map-object.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/height-map-object-300x136.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/height-map-object-768x348.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/height-map-object-18x8.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng polygon c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1t cho <a href=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/low-and-high-poly-modeling\/\">M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh high poly<\/a>Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm th\u1eddi gian hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c game engine cao c\u1ea5p, trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i th\u00edch c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"7-specular\">7. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3: <\/strong>\u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 RGB \u4e00 xanh l\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 xanh lam (kim lo\u1ea1i r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi albedo).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf cho b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 t\u00ednh kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 cung c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u n\u00e0y ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. <strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu tr\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u phi kim lo\u1ea1i<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u PBR, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch albedo c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ra ngo\u00e0i k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0u RGB \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng thau v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 kim lo\u1ea1i. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n s\u01a1n ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ed3ng thau trong albedo. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng thau.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"551\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/specular-map-vs-metalness.jpg\" alt=\"b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i\" class=\"wp-image-673\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/specular-map-vs-metalness.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/specular-map-vs-metalness-300x165.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/specular-map-vs-metalness-768x423.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/specular-map-vs-metalness-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh (ngu\u1ed3n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=mrNMpqdNchY&amp;t=191s&amp;ab_channel=CGCookie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">YouTube<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a albedo s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111en. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n s\u01a1n c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng thau l\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u4e00 s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng thau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u0103ng th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i \u4e00 metalness hay specular l\u00e0 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"8-opacity\">8. \u0110\u1ed9 m\u1edd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3: <\/strong>X\u00e1m \u4e00 \u0111en x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong su\u1ed1t, tr\u1eafng \u4e00 m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec kim lo\u1ea1i, g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u duy nh\u1ea5t b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edd. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n <strong>l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong su\u1ed1t<\/strong>, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed th\u1ee7y tinh ho\u1eb7c c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"552\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/opacity-map.jpg\" alt=\"b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edd\" class=\"wp-image-675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/opacity-map.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/opacity-map-300x166.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/opacity-map-768x424.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/opacity-map-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption>T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edd (ngu\u1ed3n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6Xu69G2ko_E&amp;ab_channel=KatsBits\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">YouTube<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 th\u1ee7y tinh \u0111\u1eb7c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edd kh\u00e1c, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 0,0 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng trong su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 1,0.\u4e00 trong su\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"9-refraction\">9. Kh\u00fac x\u1ea1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3: <\/strong>gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"530\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/reflection-refraction-map.jpg\" alt=\"b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1\" class=\"wp-image-676\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/reflection-refraction-map.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/reflection-refraction-map-300x159.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/reflection-refraction-map-768x407.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/reflection-refraction-map-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (ngu\u1ed3n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=LjnOBKd9uT0&amp;t=959s&amp;ab_channel=3DGraphicsGuide\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">YouTube<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu ra kh\u1ecfi n\u00f3. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eadt. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 surface nh\u01b0 th\u1ee7y tinh v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec ch\u00fang \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng truy\u1ec1n qua ch\u00fang.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u1ecb u\u1ed1n cong khi n\u00f3 \u0111i qua ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/refraction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">kh\u00fac x\u1ea1<\/a>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u00e9o khi nh\u00ecn qua m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 trong su\u1ed1t. S\u1ef1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 gi\u00fap t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o n\u00f3 trong kh\u00f4ng gian 3D.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"10-self-illumination\">10. T\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3: <\/strong>\u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 RGB.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"562\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/self-illumination-map-in-3d-max.jpg\" alt=\"b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng trong 3ds max\" class=\"wp-image-677\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/self-illumination-map-in-3d-max.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/self-illumination-map-in-3d-max-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/self-illumination-map-in-3d-max-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/self-illumination-map-in-3d-max-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption>T\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng trong 3d Max (ngu\u1ed3n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=05s5sk2Hnps&amp;ab_channel=GrandSkills\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">YouTube<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u201cb\u00ean ngo\u00e0i\u201d, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u1ed1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u PBR \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0u ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 \u4e00 ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00fat LED ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfu t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 albedo, nh\u01b0ng d\u00e0nh cho \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"tip\"><strong>M\u1eb9o chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong> while you can light an entire scene with the self-illumination map, it can wash realism off your <a href=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/3d-character-modeling\/\">3D model<\/a>. It\u2019s better to use conventional lighting in this case.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh-2)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"non-pbr-texture-maps\">B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng PBR<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Since non-PBR texture maps are not standardized or used through a variety of 3D modeling software, there are quite a few to cover.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"diffuse\">Khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 albedo. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh <strong>m\u00e0u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/strong> nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 che b\u1edbt \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1. \u0110\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n v\u1edbi albedo.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng tin b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4 m\u00e0u c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 xung quanh. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y n\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng 3D c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"bump\">\u0110\u00e2m s\u1ea7m v\u00e0o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong>T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3: <\/strong>M\u00e0u x\u00e1m \u4e00 \u0111en bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u4e00 cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"562\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/bump-map.jpg\" alt=\"b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 x\u00f3c\" class=\"wp-image-679\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/bump-map.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/bump-map-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/bump-map-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/bump-map-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Bump trong Modo (ngu\u1ed3n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=sdl7sInBp9w&amp;ab_channel=PatCrandley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">YouTube<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 Bump t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 PBR b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00fang ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n \u00edt t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3D c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, <strong>h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng RGB \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra ba chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian<\/strong>. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 thang \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e1m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ed1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111en l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m. <strong>\u0110\u00e2m s\u1ea7m v\u00e0o <\/strong><strong>b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u <\/strong><strong>l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb surface ph\u1eb3ng<\/strong> v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 edge c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111ang b\u1ecb sai l\u1ec7ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"reflection\">S\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"562\" src=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/reflection-map-on-object.jpg\" alt=\"b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\" class=\"wp-image-680\" srcset=\"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/reflection-map-on-object.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/reflection-map-on-object-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/reflection-map-on-object-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/reflection-map-on-object-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu trong 3d Max (ngu\u1ed3n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=t-Vp9V72esU&amp;ab_channel=MufasuCAD\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">YouTube<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng \/ \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m trong quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c PBR. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"note\"><strong>Ghi ch\u00fa: <\/strong>s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd. L\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o v\u00ec c\u00e1c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u l\u00e0m cho v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 3D c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua khi h\u1ecdc <a href=\"http:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/how-to-3d-model\/\">l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3D<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc polygon mesh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft m\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi h\u1ecda ti\u1ebft, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd kh\u00f4ng?<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu khi t\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, hoa v\u0103n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 t\u00f3c, da, v.v.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":565,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[15,13,16],"class_list":["post-375","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-3d-modeling","tag-3d-artist","tag-3d-modeling","tag-guide"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=375"}],"version-history":[{"count":42,"href":"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1307,"href":"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/375\/revisions\/1307"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/565"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=375"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=375"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3dstudio.co\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=375"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}